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Ø Ø Ø FAQ | Register Now | Sign In Full Site Physical Sciences Earth Sciences Life Sciences Medicine Social Sciences Culture  Newsletter HOME PHYSICAL SCIENCESPHYSICSSPACECHEMISTRYAPPLIED PHYSICSAEROSPACEOPTICSEARTH SCIENCESENVIRONMENTENERGYATMOSPHERICPALEONTOLOGYGEOLOGYOCEANOGRAPHYLIFE SCIENCESGENETICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGYEVOLUTIONMICROBIOLOGYECOLOGY & ZOOLOGYIMMUNOLOGYNEUROSCIENCEMEDICINECANCER RESEARCHPUBLIC HEALTHPHARMACOLOGYCLINICAL RESEARCHAGINGVISIONSOCIAL SCIENCESANTHROPOLOGYARCHAEOLOGYPSYCHOLOGYSCIENCE EDUCATION & POLICYSCIENCE HISTORYPHILOSOPHY & ETHICSCULTURETECHNOLOGYMATHEMATICSSCIENCE & SOCIETYSPORTS SCIENCERANDOM THOUGHTSHUMORVIDEO CONTRIBUTORS Subscribe to the newsletter [x]  Stay in touch with the scientific world! ALL FEATURED ARTICLES »    Life Sciences Can’t Afford... By Melanie Nelson Quantum Leap Or Quantum Mirage? What Happens... By Devendra Singh Something Happened In Silicon Valley By Fred Phillips Halloween Science: Your Ancestors May Have... By Hank Campbell Learning Through Student Feedback By Mark Pierce PHYSICAL SCIENCES » Does 'The Goblin' Make Neptune Sized Planet 9 More Likely... Does this discovery of 'The Goblin make 'Planet 9' more likely? Yes I’d say... Read > The Strange Case Of The Monotonous Running Average On The Illusion Of Time And The Strange Economy... RIP - Hans Jensen 2026 Plans All Physical Sciences »   EARTH SCIENCES » El Niño Climate Effects Shaped By Ocean Salt Once the weather got political, more attention became focused on the cyclical... Read > Urban Trees Can Absorb More CO2 Than Cars Emit New Study Shows Shrinking Snow Coverage Prehistoric Peter Pan Syndrome All Earth Sciences »   LIFE SCIENCES » Teens Are Getting Much Less Sleep Than In The Past A new paper says teens are not getting enough sleep and a lot of parents with... Read > Bacteroides Fragilis May Be A Fifth Columnist... The Peptide Gold Rush: When Biology Meets The... At 2 Months, Babies Can Categorize Objects Environmental Activists Hate CRISPR - And They're... All Life Sciences »   MEDICINE » Losing Weight Improves The Heartbreak Of Psoriasis For Some For many people living with psoriasis, the red, scaly skin patches are only... Read > Ozempic Is A Kickstart, Not Magic - Here Is How... Don't Sleep A Lot? You May Be At Risk For Diabetes Mushrooms Linked To Fewer COVID-19 Vaccine Side... Satellite Livers Instead Of Transplantation All Medicine »   SOCIAL SCIENCES » The Creepy Uncanny Valley Of Targeted Online Marketing Personalized online ads must work for the same reason advertising must work... Read > Long Before The Inca Colonized Peru, Natives Had... Spring Forward Fall Back: We Hate Changing Clocks... Mesolithic People Had Meals With More Tradition... COVID-19 Lockdowns Set Back Childhood Development... All Social Sciences »   CULTURE » What AI Can't Do: Humanity’s Last Exam By this time 26 years ago, the "Dot-Com Bubble" was ready to burst. People... Read > A Nice Little Combination If You Don't Like Math, Blame Pollen Does NBA Income Inequality Impact Team Performance? Chloe Kim And Eileen Gu In Media As Anti-Asian... All Culture »   The Strange Case Of The Monotonous Running AverageThese days I am putting the finishing touches on a hybrid algorithm that optimizes a system (a gamma-ray observatory) by combining reinforcement-learning with gradient descent. Although I published an optimization strategy for that application already, I am going back to it to demonstrate a case ...By Tommaso Dorigo On The Illusion Of Time And The Strange Economy Of ExistenceI recently listened again to Richard Feynman explaining why the flowing of time is probably an illusion. In modern physics time is just a coordinate, on the same footing as space, and the universe can be described as a four-dimensional object — a spacetime block. In that view, nothing really ...By Tommaso Dorigo RIP - Hans JensenToday I was saddened to hear of the passing of Hans Jensen, a physicist and former colleague in the CDF experiment at Fermilab. There is an obituary page here with nice pics and a bio if you want detail on his interesting, accomplished life. Here I thought I would remember him by pasting an excerpt ...By Tommaso Dorigo 2026 PlansThis year opened in slow motion for me, at least work-wise. I have been on parental leave since December 16, when my third and fourth sons were born within one minute from one another, but of course a workaholic can never stand completely still. In fact, even as we speak I am sitting and typing ...By Tommaso Dorigo Urban Trees Can Absorb More CO2 Than Cars EmitA new study finds that even in urban environments, trees make a terrific contribution to offsetting carbon dioxide emissions in cities, while grass is less valuable.Soil respiration of grass exceeds photosynthesis so grassy areas release more carbon dioxide than they bind, making them a source ...By News Staff New Study Shows Shrinking Snow CoverageA new study examining regional snow cover trends across the Northern Hemisphere found seasonal shifts in snow - and a lot less of it.The authors used the Rutgers University Global Snow Lab Northern Hemisphere Weekly Snow Cover Extent Data Record to determine whether snow cover across the Northern ...By News Staff Prehistoric Peter Pan SyndromeIn older countries it has become common for young people to live with their parents until, and sometimes well after, they get married. A new study finds that some parts of the animal kingdom don't even stop growing until what it middle age for humans. An analysis of 17 tyrannosaurus rex specimens ...By News Staff Bacteroides Fragilis May Be A Fifth Columnist Helping Colon Cancer In Your BodyThe gut bacterium Bacteroides fragilis has long presented researchers with a paradox. It has been associated with colorectal cancer, yet it also lives quite happily in most healthy people. A new study from a Danish research team offers a possible clue. When they looked beyond the bacterium itself ...By The Conversation The Peptide Gold Rush: When Biology Meets The AlgorithmIn late January 2026, New York Magazine published a striking piece of cultural reporting: wellness clinics, influencer funnels, and WhatsApp “consultants” selling the dream of brighter skin, faster fat loss, and cleaner energy—often via compounds framed as “peptides,” sometimes as other ...By Mark Pierce At 2 Months, Babies Can Categorize ObjectsAt two months of age, infants lack language and fine motor control but their minds may be understanding how things look and figuring out to which category they belong, which would push back earlier beliefs about the foundations of visual cognition.A new study recruited 130 two-month-old infants ...By News Staff Environmental Activists Hate CRISPR - And They're Dooming People With HIVExisting treatments control HIV but the immune system does not revert to normal. They is why people living with HIV remain susceptible to infections and it underscores the need for immunotherapies.That requires modern tools like CRISPR-Cas9 and others. Tools that environmentalists oppose, insisting ...By News Staff Ozempic Is A Kickstart, Not Magic - Here Is How To Make Weight Loss StickPublicly doctors say all of the things you'd expect a group with heavy state and federal scrutiny to say about weight loss drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy but privately they say things like 'people will be on it for the rest of their lives.'Because a drug does not change lifestyle. To reduce risk ...By Hank Campbell Don't Sleep A Lot? You May Be At Risk For DiabetesA new paper says the way to lower your risk of acquiring type 2 diabetes is not losing weight and exercising more, but sleeping 7 hours and 18 minutes every night.You can't multiply that by seven days and catch up by sleeping more on the weekend and it also means if you just sleep less, you are ...By News Staff Mushrooms Linked To Fewer COVID-19 Vaccine Side EffectsA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial tested a four-day oral supplement, “FoTv,” which is made from the mycelium — the root-like network — of two types of mushrooms: Fomitopsis officinalis and Trametes versicolor (FoTv). Participants began taking the supplement on ...By News Staff Satellite Livers Instead Of TransplantationA bad liver today currently means a replacement, but having enough transplant organs is challenging when families worry their loved ones' skeletons could be sold to middle schools and end up immortalized in prank photos. The future will involve replacements made with a patient's own stem cells ...By News Staff Long Before The Inca Colonized Peru, Natives Had A Thriving Trade NetworkA new DNA analysis reveals that long before the Incan Empire took over Peru, animals were being transported across the Andes, a trek that also involved rainforests, highlands and deserts. The analysis was of parrot feathers discovered at Pachacamac, Peru, a religious hub that is far outside ...By News Staff Spring Forward Fall Back: We Hate Changing Clocks But Hate One Change MostIn 1918, with Gen Black Jack Pershing off to France to stop the Germans in World War I, the United States instituted Daylight Saving Time. The public were told it was to save energy sources that would be needed for the war but in June America stopped the Germans cold at the Marne, and then pushed ...By Hank Campbell Mesolithic People Had Meals With More Tradition Than You ThoughtThe common imagery of prehistoric people is either rooting through dirt for grubs and picking berries, or hunting mastodons with spears. Those are both true but some also had a good variety in meals. They were also fishers, not just hunter-gatherers.A new study analyzed remains found on 58 pieces ...By News Staff COVID-19 Lockdowns Set Back Childhood Development By YearsCOVID-19 lockdowns were an important tool in mitigating risks of acquiring the disease and putting those with comorbidities at higher risk, but objective epidemiologists questioned the value of lockdowns beyond three weeks. Some areas exceeded SAR and R0 models by months or, in states like California ...By News Staff A Nice Little CombinationAlthough I have long retired from serious chess tournaments (they take too much time, a luxury I do not have anymore - even more so now that I have two infants to help grow!), I insist playing online blitz on chess.com, with alternating fortunes. My elo rating hovers in the 2200-2300 range, signalling ...By Tommaso Dorigo If You Don't Like Math, Blame PollenEpidemiologists say that pollen can cause worse outcomes for students in math, chemistry and physics.Allergic rhinitis, an allergic reaction to things such as dust, pet hair, and pollen, is common. Epidemiologists link that to cardiovascular health and even blanket terms like wellness. There is ...By News Staff Does NBA Income Inequality Impact Team Performance?A new paper says that players where a few superstars get the money leads to less cooperation and poor team performance. The authors say this salary compression is why teams won fewer games.The authors also suggest that companies should strive for more equity in pay, to increase synchronized ...By Hank Campbell Chloe Kim And Eileen Gu In Media As Anti-Asian NarrativeOlympians Chloe Kim and Eileen Gu are both Americans but have Asian descent. Yet Kim competed for her country in 2018 while Gu chose to instead compete for Communist China, which does not allow dual citizenship yet actively recruits foreign athletes to be on their Olympic team even if they have ...By Hank Campbell Blogs » Transgender women who have been on hormones for years have no advantage in By Hontas Farmer A study has been making the rounds and has been published in BJSM. It is a meta-analysis of various...  more » Air India Flight 171 - Flawed EE Bay Water Ingress Theory By Patrick Lockerby Air India Flight 171 - Flawed EE Bay Water Ingress TheoryRichard Godfrey, in many videos on the...  more » Interna By Tommaso Dorigo In the past few years my activities on this site - but I would say more in general, as the same...  more » Carbon — to capture or not to capture By Robert H Olley This came up on 2nd November 2024 (give or take a day), a broadcaster objecting to a carbon capture...  more » Oil in Water Beauty: Euhoplites of Folkstone By Heidi Henderson Sheer beauty — a beautiful Euhoplites ammonite from Folkstone, UK. These lovelies have a pleasing...  more » All Blogs »   Know Science And Want To Write? Apply for a column: writing@science20.com Donate or Buy SWAG DonateSWAG Please donate so science experts can write for the public. At Science 2.0, scientists are the journalists, with no political bias or editorial control. 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