https://attrs.org

attrs 25.4.0 documentationattrs 25.4.0 documentation Contents Menu Expand Light mode Dark mode Auto light/dark, in light mode Auto light/dark, in dark mode Skip to content attrs 25.4.0 documentation Getting Started Overview Why not… attrs by Example Explanations Type Annotations Initialization Comparison Hashing Reference API Reference API Reference for the attr Namespace Glossary Advanced Extending How Does It Work? Meta On The Core API Names License and Credits Changelog PyPI GitHub Third-party Extensions Contributing Funding Back to top attrs: Classes Without Boilerplate¶ Release 25.4.0 (What’s new?) attrs is the Python package that will bring back the joy of writing classes by relieving you from the drudgery of implementing object protocols (aka dunder methods). Trusted by NASA for Mars missions since 2020! Its main goal is to help you to write concise and correct software without slowing down your code. Sponsors¶ attrs would not be possible without our amazing sponsors. Especially those generously supporting us at the The Organization tier and higher: Please consider joining them to help make attrs’s maintenance more sustainable! Getting Started¶ attrs is a Python-only package hosted on PyPI. The following steps will get you up and running in no time: Overview will show you a simple example of attrs in action and introduce you to its philosophy. Afterwards, you can start writing your own classes and understand what drives attrs’s design. attrs by Example will give you a comprehensive tour of attrs’s features. After reading, you will know about our advanced features and how to use them. Why not… gives you a rundown of potential alternatives and why we think attrs is still worthwhile – depending on your needs even superior. If at any point you get confused by some terminology, please check out our Glossary. If you need any help while getting started, feel free to use the python-attrs tag on Stack Overflow and someone will surely help you out! Day-to-Day Usage¶ Type Annotations help you to write correct and self-documenting code. attrs has first class support for them, yet keeps them optional if you’re not convinced! Instance initialization is one of attrs key feature areas. Our goal is to relieve you from writing as much code as possible. Initialization gives you an overview what attrs has to offer and explains some related philosophies we believe in. Comparing and ordering objects is a common task. Comparison shows you how attrs helps you with that and how you can customize it. If you want to put objects into sets or use them as keys in dictionaries, they have to be hashable. The simplest way to do that is to use frozen classes, but the topic is more complex than it seems and Hashing will give you a primer on what to look out for. Once you’re comfortable with the concepts, our API Reference contains all information you need to use attrs to its fullest. attrs is built for extension from the ground up. Extending will show you the affordances it offers and how to make it a building block of your own projects. Finally, if you’re confused by all the attr.s, attr.ib, attrs, attrib, define, frozen, and field, head over to On The Core API Names for a very short explanation, and optionally a quick history lesson. attrs for Enterprise¶ Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription. The maintainers of attrs and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source packages you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact packages you use. Full Table of Contents¶ Getting Started Overview Philosophy What attrs Is Not Why not… … Data Classes? … Pydantic? … namedtuples? … tuples? … dicts? … hand-written classes? attrs by Example Basics Converting to Collections Types Defaults Validators Conversion Metadata Types Slots Immutability Other Goodies Explanations Type Annotations Mypy Pyright Class variables and constants Initialization Private Attributes and Aliases Defaults Validators Converters Hooking Yourself Into Initialization Order of Execution Derived Attributes attrs and __init_subclass__ Comparison Customization Hashing Hash Method Generation Hashing and Mutability Hash Code Caching Reference API Reference Core Exceptions Helpers Validators Converters Setters API Reference for the attr Namespace Core Exceptions Helpers Validators Converters Setters Deprecated APIs Glossary Advanced Extending Wrapping the Decorator Types Metadata Automatic Field Transformation and Modification Customize Value Serialization in asdict() How Does It Work? Boilerplate Immutability Cached Properties on Slotted Classes Meta On The Core API Names License and Credits Changelog PyPI GitHub Third-party Extensions Contributing Funding Full Index Next Overview Copyright © 2015, Hynek Schlawack Made with Sphinx and @pradyunsg's Furo On this page attrs: Classes Without Boilerplate Sponsors Getting Started Day-to-Day Usage attrs for Enterprise Full Table of Contentsenen1770934681https://attrs.org

แก้ไขไซต์ของคุณ?

คุณกำลังทำอะไร?