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Tornado Web Server — Tornado 6.4.1 documentationTornado Web Server — Tornado 6.4.1 documentation Tornado stable User’s guide Web framework HTTP servers and clients Asynchronous networking Coroutines and concurrency Integration with other services Utilities Frequently Asked Questions Release notes Tornado Tornado Web Server Edit on GitHub ¶ Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library, originally developed at FriendFeed. By using non-blocking network I/O, Tornado can scale to tens of thousands of open connections, making it ideal for long polling, WebSockets, and other applications that require a long-lived connection to each user. Quick links¶ Current version: 6.4.1 (download from PyPI, release notes) Source (GitHub) Mailing lists: discussion and announcements Stack Overflow Wiki Hello, world¶ Here is a simple “Hello, world” example web app for Tornado: import asyncio import tornado class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.write("Hello, world") def make_app(): return tornado.web.Application([ (r"/", MainHandler), ]) async def main(): app = make_app() app.listen(8888) await asyncio.Event().wait() if __name__ == "__main__": asyncio.run(main()) This example does not use any of Tornado’s asynchronous features; for that see this simple chat room. Threads and WSGI¶ Tornado is different from most Python web frameworks. It is not based on WSGI, and it is typically run with only one thread per process. See the User’s guide for more on Tornado’s approach to asynchronous programming. While some support of WSGI is available in the tornado.wsgi module, it is not a focus of development and most applications should be written to use Tornado’s own interfaces (such as tornado.web) directly instead of using WSGI. In general, Tornado code is not thread-safe. The only method in Tornado that is safe to call from other threads is IOLoop.add_callback. You can also use IOLoop.run_in_executor to asynchronously run a blocking function on another thread, but note that the function passed to run_in_executor should avoid referencing any Tornado objects. run_in_executor is the recommended way to interact with blocking code. asyncio Integration¶ Tornado is integrated with the standard library asyncio module and shares the same event loop (by default since Tornado 5.0). In general, libraries designed for use with asyncio can be mixed freely with Tornado. Installation¶ pip install tornado Tornado is listed in PyPI and can be installed with pip. Note that the source distribution includes demo applications that are not present when Tornado is installed in this way, so you may wish to download a copy of the source tarball or clone the git repository as well. Prerequisites: Tornado 6.3 requires Python 3.8 or newer. The following optional packages may be useful: pycurl is used by the optional tornado.curl_httpclient. Libcurl version 7.22 or higher is required. pycares is an alternative non-blocking DNS resolver that can be used when threads are not appropriate. Platforms: Tornado is designed for Unix-like platforms, with best performance and scalability on systems supporting epoll (Linux), kqueue (BSD/macOS), or /dev/poll (Solaris). Tornado will also run on Windows, although this configuration is not officially supported or recommended for production use. Some features are missing on Windows (including multi-process mode) and scalability is limited (Even though Tornado is built on asyncio, which supports Windows, Tornado does not use the APIs that are necessary for scalable networking on Windows). Documentation¶ This documentation is also available in PDF and Epub formats. User’s guide Introduction Asynchronous and non-Blocking I/O Coroutines Queue example - a concurrent web spider Structure of a Tornado web application Templates and UI Authentication and security Running and deploying Web framework tornado.web — RequestHandler and Application classes tornado.template — Flexible output generation tornado.routing — Basic routing implementation tornado.escape — Escaping and string manipulation tornado.locale — Internationalization support tornado.websocket — Bidirectional communication to the browser HTTP servers and clients tornado.httpserver — Non-blocking HTTP server tornado.httpclient — Asynchronous HTTP client tornado.httputil — Manipulate HTTP headers and URLs tornado.http1connection – HTTP/1.x client/server implementation Asynchronous networking tornado.ioloop — Main event loop tornado.iostream — Convenient wrappers for non-blocking sockets tornado.netutil — Miscellaneous network utilities tornado.tcpclient — IOStream connection factory tornado.tcpserver — Basic IOStream-based TCP server Coroutines and concurrency tornado.gen — Generator-based coroutines tornado.locks – Synchronization primitives tornado.queues – Queues for coroutines tornado.process — Utilities for multiple processes Integration with other services tornado.auth — Third-party login with OpenID and OAuth tornado.wsgi — Interoperability with other Python frameworks and servers tornado.platform.caresresolver — Asynchronous DNS Resolver using C-Ares tornado.platform.twisted — Bridges between Twisted and Tornado tornado.platform.asyncio — Bridge between asyncio and Tornado Utilities tornado.autoreload — Automatically detect code changes in development tornado.concurrent — Work with Future objects tornado.log — Logging support tornado.options — Command-line parsing tornado.testing — Unit testing support for asynchronous code tornado.util — General-purpose utilities Frequently Asked Questions Release notes What’s new in Tornado 6.4.1 What’s new in Tornado 6.4.0 What’s new in Tornado 6.3.3 What’s new in Tornado 6.3.2 What’s new in Tornado 6.3.1 What’s new in Tornado 6.3.0 What’s new in Tornado 6.2.0 What’s new in Tornado 6.1.0 What’s new in Tornado 6.0.4 What’s new in Tornado 6.0.3 What’s new in Tornado 6.0.2 What’s new in Tornado 6.0.1 What’s new in Tornado 6.0 What’s new in Tornado 5.1.1 What’s new in Tornado 5.1 What’s new in Tornado 5.0.2 What’s new in Tornado 5.0.1 What’s new in Tornado 5.0 What’s new in Tornado 4.5.3 What’s new in Tornado 4.5.2 What’s new in Tornado 4.5.1 What’s new in Tornado 4.5 What’s new in Tornado 4.4.3 What’s new in Tornado 4.4.2 What’s new in Tornado 4.4.1 What’s new in Tornado 4.4 What’s new in Tornado 4.3 What’s new in Tornado 4.2.1 What’s new in Tornado 4.2 What’s new in Tornado 4.1 What’s new in Tornado 4.0.2 What’s new in Tornado 4.0.1 What’s new in Tornado 4.0 What’s new in Tornado 3.2.2 What’s new in Tornado 3.2.1 What’s new in Tornado 3.2 What’s new in Tornado 3.1.1 What’s new in Tornado 3.1 What’s new in Tornado 3.0.2 What’s new in Tornado 3.0.1 What’s new in Tornado 3.0 What’s new in Tornado 2.4.1 What’s new in Tornado 2.4 What’s new in Tornado 2.3 What’s new in Tornado 2.2.1 What’s new in Tornado 2.2 What’s new in Tornado 2.1.1 What’s new in Tornado 2.1 What’s new in Tornado 2.0 What’s new in Tornado 1.2.1 What’s new in Tornado 1.2 What’s new in Tornado 1.1.1 What’s new in Tornado 1.1 What’s new in Tornado 1.0.1 What’s new in Tornado 1.0 Index Module Index Search Page Discussion and support¶ You can discuss Tornado on the Tornado developer mailing list, and report bugs on the GitHub issue tracker. Links to additional resources can be found on the Tornado wiki. New releases are announced on the announcements mailing list. Tornado is available under the Apache License, Version 2.0. This web site and all documentation is licensed under Creative Commons 3.0. Next © Copyright The Tornado Authors. Revision 2a0e1d13. Built with Sphinx using a theme provided by Read the Docs. Read the Docs v: stable Versions latest stable branch6.4 branch6.3 branch6.2 branch6.1 branch6.0 branch5.1 branch4.5 Downloads pdf epub On Read the Docs Project Home Buildsenen1729047901https://tornadoweb.org

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