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mitigate its risks Climate mitigation and net-zero transition Analysis and insights for driving a rapid transition to net-zero while building resilience to physical climate impacts Development co-operation Standards and guidelines for development co-operation with concrete examples of their implementation Gender equality Policies on gender equality a driver of economic growth, democracy and social cohesion Global value and supply chains As the trend towards the international dispersion of certain value chain activities produces challenges, discover policies to meet these  Tax transparency and international co-operation Enhanced transparency and exchange of information to put an end to bank secrecy and fight tax evasion and avoidance Agriculture and fisheries Agricultural policy monitoring Agricultural productivity and innovation Agricultural trade and markets Agriculture and sustainability Fisheries and aquaculture Food systems OECD standards for agriculture Explore agriculture and 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Productivity and long-term growth Sustainable economic growth Explore economy Education and skills Adult skills and work Education access, participation, and progression Education economic and social outcomes Education equity Education evaluation and quality assurance Education financing Education leadership Education organisation and governance Future of education and skills Learning environment Student performance (PISA) Teachers and educators Explore education and skills Employment Adult skills and work Employability Employment services Future of work Health and work Job quality Local employment and economic development Public employment and management Explore employment Environment Biodiversity, water and ecosystems Chemical safety and biosafety Environment, society and economy Environmental policies and evaluation Finance and investment for environmental goals Greening countries, regions and cities Pollution Resource efficiency and circular economy Explore environment Finance and 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Russia Rwanda Countries S - T Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Tuvalu Countries U - Z Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Regional and global engagement Africa Eurasia Latin America Middle East and North Africa Southeast Asia South East Europe Browse all countries & regions Countries A - C D - I J - M N - R S - T U - Z Countries A - C Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China (People's Republic of) Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Countries D - I Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia European Union Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Countries J - M Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People’s Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Countries N - R Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Republic of North Macedonia Romania Russia Rwanda Countries S - T Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Tuvalu Countries U - Z Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Regional and global engagement Africa Eurasia Latin America Middle East and North Africa Southeast Asia South East Europe Browse all countries & regions Publications Publications Browse all publications Publications Reports and research papers Research and working papers with deep dives and findings Policy papers and briefs Policy recommendations and case studies Featured publications Education at a Glance 2024 OECD Indicators OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Mauritius 2024 Data Data Browse all data Data Key Indicators Interactive charts and country comparison Dashboards Track progress with interactive charts of several key statistics Methods International statistical standards, manuals, handbooks and more  Insights Data analysis and visualisations Tools Interact with policy simulators and indexes for data analysis Data explorer Find, understand and download the data you need Featured data Climate action dashboard Country-level progress in combatting climate change Inflation (CPI) Inflation rates and their impact explained News & Events News & Events Explore news and events News & Events Newsroom Discover our latest press releases and media resources Events See our list of events and register to attend Blogs, videos & podcasts Read the latest insights Featured Events OECD Multilateral Development Finance Week 2024 Reforming multilateral development co-operation Publication launch of the Interim Economic Outlook About About OECD About About the organisation How we work OECD Secretary-General Organisational structure Members and partners OECD and G7, G20, APEC Engage with us Newsroom Events Networks Work with us Careers Internships Young associates Procurement at the OECD Close menu OECD Top stories View all press releases PILLAR TWO SUBJECT TO TAX RULE A significant milestone for developing countries in the implementation of the Two-Pillar Solution Landmark multilateral treaty signed today at OECD marks significant first step towards implementation of global minimum tax by swiftly amending existing bilateral tax treaties and restoring certain taxing rights to developing countries. Learn more Press release 19 September 2024 Report Equity in education: Gaps are narrowing but more needs to be done Press release Maintaining fiscal discipline and fostering an investment-friendly business environment can boost Colombia’s growth Press release Accelerating growth and increasing living standards in Morocco: Productivity, private sector, labour market and climate transition Welcome to the new OECD.org We're currently migrating to a new website to enhance your experience. We apologise for any delays this may cause and appreciate your patience. Stay tuned for exciting updates! About the OECD The OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) is a forum and knowledge hub for data, analysis and best practices in public policy. We work with over 100 countries across the world to build stronger, fairer and cleaner societies - helping to shape better policies for better lives. Learn more about the OECD Data insights Explore the latest data on education from the OECD Explore all data insights Girls and women outperform boys in education, but remain disadvantaged in the labour market Significantly more young women than men obtain advanced qualifications. However, the employment rate of women aged 25-34 remains below the employment rate of men. The employment rate of young women without an upper secondary qualification is 25 percentage points lower than the employment rate of their male counterparts. Among young adults with tertiary qualifications, the gender gap in employment rates is smaller but still significant at 6 percentage points. Young women also earn less than young men, with average earnings 15% lower for those lacking an upper secondary qualification and 17% lower for those with a tertiary qualification. Foreign-born women face a dual labour-market challenge as immigrants and as women. Among native-born tertiary-educated adults, the gender gap in employment rates averages 5 percentage points in favour of men across OECD countries, but more than doubles to 13 percentage points among those who are foreign born. Learn more Publications See all publications Working paper Forty years of productivity and labour market resilience in European regions 19 September 2024 Report Biodiversity and Development Finance 2015-2022 18 September 2024 Report Country-by-Country Reporting – Compilation of 2024 Peer Review Reports 16 September 2024 Policy paper SME Digitalisation to manage shocks and transitions 16 September 2024 Working paper Household waste practices 13 September 2024 Report Multilateral Development Finance 2024 5 September 2024 Featured topics See all topics Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is a transformative technology capable of tasks that typically require human-like intelligence, such as understanding language, recognising patterns, and making decisions. AI holds the potential to address complex challenges from enhancing education and improving health care, to driving scientific innovation and climate action. But AI systems also pose risks to privacy, safety, security, and human autonomy. Effective governance is essential to ensure AI development and deployment are safe, secure and trustworthy, with policies and regulation that foster innovation and competition. Learn more Climate mitigation and net-zero transition Analysis and insights for driving a rapid transition to net-zero while building resilience to physical climate impacts. Learn more Development co-operation The OECD designs international standards and guidelines for development co-operation, based on best practices, and monitors their implementation by its members. It works closely with member and partner countries, and other stakeholders (such as the United Nations and other multilateral entities) to help them implement their development commitments. It also invites developing country governments to take an active part in policy dialogue. Learn more Gender equality Despite progress in recent years, more work needs to be done across all OECD countries to secure gender equality, with women and girls still facing inappropriate disadvantages and barriers in most spheres of social and economic life. Gender equality must remain a priority, as a matter of basic human rights and long-term economic wellbeing and prosperity. It drives economic growth, strengthens democracy, enhances social cohesion and increases the well-being of all members of society. Learn more Global value and supply chains About 70% of international trade involves global value chains (GVCs), as services, raw materials, parts, and components cross borders – often numerous times. A strong trend has emerged towards the international dispersion of value chain activities such as design, production, marketing, distribution, etc. This emergence of GVCs and increased interest in their sustainability and resilience requires analysing supply chains as a whole and developing policies around them. Learn more Tax transparency and international co-operation In today’s globalised world, it is crucial that tax administrations work together to ensure the right amount of tax is paid to the right jurisdiction. The OECD is at the forefront of international efforts to use enhanced transparency and exchange of information to put an end to bank secrecy and fight tax evasion and avoidance. Learn more Latest insights See all latest insights Podcast Shaping tomorrow’s cities with Urban Partners 18 September 2024 Video OECD Economic Survey of Colombia 2024 17 September 2024 External blog Measuring labour input: is it about quantity, quality, or both? oecdstatistics.blog 16 September 2024 Blog Six ‘dark patterns’ used to manipulate you when shopping online 16 September 2024 External blog Can AI help 8 billion people obtain optimal health outcomes? oecd.ai 13 September 2024 External blog Productivity and inequality – A nexus for policymakers to tackle oecdecoscope.blog 12 September 2024 Events See all events Webinar OECD Multilateral Development Finance Week 2024: Reforming multilateral development co-operation 23-29 September 2024 Forum OECD Local Development Forum 2024: Building bridges, shaping tomorrow 24-25 September 2024 Publication launch Launch Interim Economic Outlook 25 September 2024 Publication launch Launch event of the OECD Competitive Neutrality Toolkit 26 September 2024 Webinar Policies for a plastic pollution-free future by 2040 2 October 2024 Forum Trade and investment for the green transition oecd-events.org 10-11 October 2024 Newsletters Get the latest from the OECD on a range of topics straight to your inbox. 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